Scleropages formousus Arowana fish or ornamental fish is a very popular and relatively high price. Because of the widespread arrest of activity since the 70's until now, the total population in the original habitat is decreasing and disappearing.Hence this species has been protected as a species for import and export controls under the Convention on International Trade in Species of Wild Fauna Endargered and Flora (CITES). In Malaysia, Arowana fish farming activities were also carried out commercially for export to international markets and among the agencies involved are the Department of Fisheries.
Naturally, these fish to breed once a year, in June through August in its original habitat. Arowana can grow mature at the age of four and a half or five years with a weight between one and two kilograms. During the mating process, male and female will swim in pairs and hand in hand for a few weeks but the process of mating will only occur when the appropriate conditions. Male will bend his body and female body and the press at this stage, the eggs of the females will come out and be fertilized by the male parent. Eggs were incubated by the male for two months so that children can swim freely and the resulting size of about 6-7 centimeters.
Arowana fish can reproduce naturally in captivity without the need for induction of reproductive hormone injections. Breeding season in captivity is not so significant as less affected by the natural environment. However, the nutritional aspects need to be addressed once the fry start to swim alone although there is still a little yolk in the bottom of his stomach. Delay feeding of fish will cause harm to themselves. Care is needed fry for two to three months until the fish reach the appropriate size of 15-20 cm and marketed. However, egg incubation by the male parent is a natural breeding methods in the pond will reduce the life of its Arowana. Thus, the best way to ensure the percentage of children living with high fish through in vitro methods.
In-Vitro Incubation With this method, the fish eggs are incubated by the male parent and still have a yolk sac removed manually and brought up in the aquarium measuring 90 x 45 x 45 cm. Provided adequate ventilation and temperature set at a level between 27 to 28 degrees Celsius to install electric heating. The water depth is about 20 centimeters, and through this method the proportion of juveniles living is higher than the incubation method natural.
Arowana breeding in accordance with the equatorial climate of temperatures from 26 to 33 degrees Celsius. For breeding in the pools, sandy clay with clay content 55 percent to 60 percent is ideal. The water supply is needed throughout the year from a natural source of either hill water, rivers, dams and lakes. Quality of water required are as follows:
Water temperature: 29 to 31 degrees Celsius
pH: 6.5-8.5
Dissolved oxygen: 5ppm
Alkalinity: 60-100 ppm
CaCO3
Total hardness: 100ppm
Secchi disc readings: 30 inches
Ammonia: 1 ppm
Other aspects will be emphasized in the breeding activities are construction and preparation of the pool.
Among them:
Water temperature: 29 to 31 degrees Celsius
pH: 6.5-8.5
Dissolved oxygen: 5ppm
Alkalinity: 60-100 ppm
CaCO3
Total hardness: 100ppm
Secchi disc readings: 30 inches
Ammonia: 1 ppm
Other aspects will be emphasized in the breeding activities are construction and preparation of the pool.
Among them:
Site Selection
Suitable sites are not flooded areas, far from industrial areas and pollution sources, there is no competitive agricultural and industrial activities as well as a complete infrastructure.
Construction of ponds
Appropriate form of pool is rectangular with a ratio of 2:1 slope tires. To facilitate the management, according to the pool area is between 0.2-0.4 0.75-1.2 hectares with a depth meter. Bottom of the pond should be flat and slopes to the channel the water out. Construction of the reservoir between 20 and 30 percent of the total pool is encouraged to ensure adequate sources of water supply and water treatment process carried out if necessary.
Liming
Ponds are constructed to be ensured to meet soil and water quality parameters and is suitable for farming. Liming is needed if the soil acidity and the type of lime is a suitable agricultural lime, lime, ashes cold, hot ash and dolomite lime.
Tempering
Organan steel and not suitable organan and concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus as is their 0.95ppm and 0.15ppm. There are several methods proposed Arowana fish farming among the pond soil.
Suitable sites are not flooded areas, far from industrial areas and pollution sources, there is no competitive agricultural and industrial activities as well as a complete infrastructure.
Construction of ponds
Appropriate form of pool is rectangular with a ratio of 2:1 slope tires. To facilitate the management, according to the pool area is between 0.2-0.4 0.75-1.2 hectares with a depth meter. Bottom of the pond should be flat and slopes to the channel the water out. Construction of the reservoir between 20 and 30 percent of the total pool is encouraged to ensure adequate sources of water supply and water treatment process carried out if necessary.
Liming
Ponds are constructed to be ensured to meet soil and water quality parameters and is suitable for farming. Liming is needed if the soil acidity and the type of lime is a suitable agricultural lime, lime, ashes cold, hot ash and dolomite lime.
Tempering
Organan steel and not suitable organan and concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus as is their 0.95ppm and 0.15ppm. There are several methods proposed Arowana fish farming among the pond soil.
Here is a basic requirement in the performance of livestock systems.
Livestock Holding
For the purpose of breeding, male and female Arowana parent reared in ponds that had been prepared prior to the aspects of natural water sources in rural primary care. Arowana rare disease, however, the observations should always be done to stay healthy Arowana parent.
Distribution
A total of 20 four-year-old mother pig reared in two ponds hunting land 0.2 hectares in size with the sex ratio of 1:1.
Nutrition
For the parent fish, the food should be given twice a day, morning and afternoon with a floating food formula containing 35 percent protein or live foods like crickets, fish fry and shrimp hanging. Son of a free swimming fish in the aquarium will have to feed the fry of other species such as Gambusia affinis 1-2 cm in size. Regular observations of the Arowana fish adult or parent must be done by focusing on features Arowana mating process and is done using the method of capture nets. Eggs are incubated by the male Arowana be issued for further incubation in-vitro method carried out in an aquarium tank.
Livestock Holding
For the purpose of breeding, male and female Arowana parent reared in ponds that had been prepared prior to the aspects of natural water sources in rural primary care. Arowana rare disease, however, the observations should always be done to stay healthy Arowana parent.
Distribution
A total of 20 four-year-old mother pig reared in two ponds hunting land 0.2 hectares in size with the sex ratio of 1:1.
Nutrition
For the parent fish, the food should be given twice a day, morning and afternoon with a floating food formula containing 35 percent protein or live foods like crickets, fish fry and shrimp hanging. Son of a free swimming fish in the aquarium will have to feed the fry of other species such as Gambusia affinis 1-2 cm in size. Regular observations of the Arowana fish adult or parent must be done by focusing on features Arowana mating process and is done using the method of capture nets. Eggs are incubated by the male Arowana be issued for further incubation in-vitro method carried out in an aquarium tank.
Revenue Collection
For livestock, naturally, children should be arrested when the fish began to swim freely viewed and stored in tanks auarium the appropriate size. For in-vitro methods, the fry are free swimming without a yolk sac should be separated to avoid it in other fish and eat the food given to live up to the size of 5-7 cm before they are marketed.
For livestock, naturally, children should be arrested when the fish began to swim freely viewed and stored in tanks auarium the appropriate size. For in-vitro methods, the fry are free swimming without a yolk sac should be separated to avoid it in other fish and eat the food given to live up to the size of 5-7 cm before they are marketed.
Market
Prices based on size of fish increased, but the local market, prices vary by location and fish on average for a quality fish at between RM250 to RM900 in the 6-9 inch size. For export markets, companies or individuals must be registered and have a Import and Export License SKKP Pin.91 issued by the Malaysian Fisheries Development Authority (LKIM) and CITES permits.
Based on the analysis of large waves, the investment on this project which costs a little big to begin breeding the Arowana in the land of 0.25 hectare is estimated at RM139, 392 with minimum equipment. Returns or results will only be acquired in the fourth or fifth, but depending on the level of both the parent breeds, feeding and management. Arowana fish market value is also influenced by people like the taste of fish but this time, demand and prices remain high, particularly for international markets.
In general, when this is not everyone can afford to venture into the production of fish seed is because the initial capital and the relatively high operating including taking a long time to grow normally at the age of five years. However, given the current market, these activities can be carried out and bring lucrative returns.
Prices based on size of fish increased, but the local market, prices vary by location and fish on average for a quality fish at between RM250 to RM900 in the 6-9 inch size. For export markets, companies or individuals must be registered and have a Import and Export License SKKP Pin.91 issued by the Malaysian Fisheries Development Authority (LKIM) and CITES permits.
Based on the analysis of large waves, the investment on this project which costs a little big to begin breeding the Arowana in the land of 0.25 hectare is estimated at RM139, 392 with minimum equipment. Returns or results will only be acquired in the fourth or fifth, but depending on the level of both the parent breeds, feeding and management. Arowana fish market value is also influenced by people like the taste of fish but this time, demand and prices remain high, particularly for international markets.
In general, when this is not everyone can afford to venture into the production of fish seed is because the initial capital and the relatively high operating including taking a long time to grow normally at the age of five years. However, given the current market, these activities can be carried out and bring lucrative returns.